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Showing posts with label 18th Century. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 18th Century. Show all posts

Sunday, July 5, 2026

Battle of Delaware Bay

Battle of Delaware Bay

The battle was fought on April 8, 1782, months after General Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown.

Wikipedia

The Battle of Delaware Bay, or the Battle of Cape May, was a naval engagement fought between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States during the American Revolutionary War. A British force of three vessels attacked three American privateers that were escorting a fleet of merchantmen. The ensuing combat in Delaware Bay near Cape May ended with the American sloop Hyder Ally capturing the British sloop-of-war HMS General Monk.

Background

Twenty-three-year-old Lieutenant Joshua Barney of the Continental Navy commanded the privateer sloop Hyder Ali during the battles. She was owned by Pennsylvania businessman John Willcocks and was issued a letter of marque. The sloop was armed with 16 six-pounders and had a crew of about 110 men, officers and marines, and was named after Hyder Ali, the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and a British enemy.

Hyder Ali? You mean the king of southern India? Yes, that Hyder Ali:

Hyder Ali was an innovator in the military use of rockets, which were used against positions and territories held by the East India Company during the Anglo-Mysore Wars. Although rocket technology originated in China and had made its way to India and Europe by the 13th century, development of accurate cannons had sidelined rockets as a military technology in Europe. Rocket technology was already in use when Hyder's father served (he commanded a company of 50 rocketmen), but it was Hyder who improved them and significantly expanded their use in the military. Technological innovations included the use of high-quality iron casing (better than was then available in Europe) for the combustion chamber, enabling the use of higher-powered explosive charges. . . . Rockets developed by Hyder and Tipu led to a renaissance of interest in the technology in Britain, where William Congreve, supplied with rocket cases from Mysore, developed what became known as Congreve rockets in the early 19th century.

Battle of Pollilur 1780 - Charles H. Hubbell

In Hyder's time the Mysorean army had a rocket corps of as many as 1,200 men, which Tipu increased to 5,000. At the 1780 Battle of Pollilur, during the second war, Colonel William Baillie's ammunition stores are thought to have been detonated by a hit from one of Hyder's rockets, contributing to the British defeat.

Friday, October 31, 2025

King Alfred's Tower

King Alfred's Tower

Came across this on The Feral Irishman and my first reaction was that it is some AI* fantasy, but it's not, it's a real place, though it doesn't seem to be much of a building. The tower is hollow with a spiral staircase in one of the corner protrusions.  Wikipedia calls it a 'folly', which I surmise just means it has no practical purpose. Also from Wikipedia:

Henry Hoare II planned the tower in the 1760s to commemorate the end of the Seven Years' War against France and the accession of King George III, and it was erected near the site of Egbert's Stone, where it is believed that Alfred the Great, King of Wessex, rallied the Anglo-Saxons in 878 before the Battle of Edington.

Alfred of Wessex? Where have I heard that before? Oh, that's right: The Last Kingdom.

The tower is about 100 miles west of London and 20 miles south of Bath.

*Artificial Intelligence


Thursday, July 31, 2025

Saint of Anjou

Jacques Cathelineau

Tough guy.

Wikipedia:
Generalissimo Jacques Cathelineau (1759 – 1793) was a French Vendéan insurrectionist leader during the Revolution. He was known among his followers as the Saint of Anjou.

He was a well known peddler in Anjou. When the Kingdom of France was abolished and the French First Republic was established, the revolutionaries committed atrocities against the civilians of the Vendée during the Reign of Terror. Cathelineau rallied an army of peasants loyal to the monarchy and the Church and waged an uprising against the revolutionaries, capturing several villages and castles, leading more volunteers to follow him.

As the War in the Vendée grew in success, Cathelineau joined forces with other counterrevolutionary leaders and was made generalissimo of the Catholic and Royal Army. He inspired his troops by fighting alongside them on the front lines, which proved to be his downfall. In the summer of 1793, while he and his men were storming the city of Nantes, Cathelineau was shot down by a sniper and died soon afterwards. Without his leadership the royalists were defeated and soon they broke up into different factions. After the Bourbon Restoration, in honour of the heroism and sacrifices of Cathelineau, his family were ennobled.

I read something about the war in the Vendee once. Never heard of this guy before, or I forgot about him, as I will again in a bit.

Via Barnhardt Meme Barrage


Monday, January 6, 2025

Nettley Abbey

Inside the East End of Nettley Abbey by Michel Angelo Rooker (British, 1746-1801).

Foxifier links to a Roger Pearse who links to Original Douay Rheims Bible (1582 & 1610) where I found this cool drawing. I'm no bible scholar, but I am slightly curious about the history of Christianity, and hey, look, links to follow.

Wikipedia has a page about the Nettley Abbey:

Netley Abbey is a ruined late medieval monastery in the village of Netley near Southampton in Hampshire, England. The abbey was founded in 1239 as a house for monks of the austere Cistercian order. Despite royal patronage, Netley was never rich, produced no influential scholars nor churchmen, and its nearly 300-year history was quiet. The monks were best known to their neighbours for the generous hospitality they offered to travellers on land and sea.



Monday, November 11, 2024

Thermidorian

JMSmith takes a bit of history of the French Revolution and applies it to our current situation.

Our Thermidorian Reaction by JMSmith

Not quite sure about this, but hey, a little history is always a good thing. Wikipedia has a page.


Wednesday, July 3, 2024

Gin


The Gin Craze
J. Draper

18th century would be the 1700's. Things like this make me wonder about people.

Sunday, May 12, 2024

Mimosa

A man pouring the last drop from his wine glass. Mezzotint, c. 1786.

We went out for lunch today and I ordered a Mimosa. It came in a large wine glass. When I got down to the very end I had to tip my head and the wine glass pretty far to get the last little bit to flow out of the glass. The girls did not approve of this technique so when I got home I looked for a way to get that last little bit out of a big wine glass - and found nothing except this engraving. I dunno, maybe you are supposed to leave the last couple of ounces in the glass.



Saturday, May 4, 2024

The Coin

Museum Island Berlin

The show Crooks opens with the brazen smash and grab of a valuable coin on display in a museum on Museum Island in Berlin.

The Coin

The coin is a Russian half-imperial gold piece, minted in 1780 by Catherine the Great. Numista tells us that in 1895, a half-imperial was equal to five rubles, which contradicts what someone in the show says  later on when he tells us the face value is two rubles.

1766 Russian Two Ruble Coin
$8,000

There are such coins available on the market for modest prices. 

1787 Brasher Doubloon
Last Auctioned for $9.4 million

There are also other gold coins that people have paid extraordinary amounts for. The condition of the coin is going to have some bearing on the value, but rarity is what drives the price to stratospheric heights.

Friday, January 19, 2024

The Wager by David Grann

Charles Brooking's 1744 painting of HMS Wager in extremis

The Wager by David Grann*. I just started reading it. The first few pages were kind of dull, but it has picked up the pace. He starts talking about how nautical expressions become common language and on page 50 we find this great line:

To "turn a blind eye" became a popular expression after Vice-Admiranl Nelson deliberately placed his telescope against his blind eye to ignore his superior's signal to retreat.

I pretty sure I have heard this story before, but this time it got a chuckle out of me. Perhaps it was the way it was said or maybe the context. Anyway, that's your bit of historical trivia for moment.

* when I searched for this book on goodreads I got like two dozen different study guides to this book. I dunno, maybe they were all the same, just with different . . . I dunno, numbers? hubcaps? I smell somethin' stinky.


Sunday, October 8, 2023

Sunday, July 30, 2023

1712 Poltava

Putin reviews the fleet on Navy Day

I'm watching a video on RT and Putin cruises by a big, old square-rigged sailing ship. I am a sucker for such ships, so I go digging around and find that the ship is the Poltava, a replica of a ship built by Peter the Great in 1712. The replica was launched in 2018.

Elaborate Stern

If you are going to talk about old sailing ships, you really need a picture of the ship with all sails set,  bowling along through the raging sea. I go looking. I find all kinds of pictures of the ship, but they are mostly just pictures of the ship sitting in the harbor with no sails showing at all. But I did find some others.

Launch

Monument

Digital Model

All Sails Set


Thursday, July 20, 2023

Wednesday, April 5, 2023

Chevalier de Saint-Georges


CHEVALIER | Official Trailer | Searchlight Pictures
SearchlightPictures

I haven't seen this movie, but the review in Variety piqued my interest:
Though his life and accomplishments were largely erased under Napoleon, the extraordinary figure at the center of Stephen Williams’ “Chevalier” really did exist. Born on the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe, the son of a white plantation owner and his Black slave, Joseph Bologne went on to excel in spheres rarely accessible to people of color in 18th-century French society. Here was a champion swordsman and celebrated musician invited to play his violin at Versailles, where Marie Antoinette reportedly accompanied him on the harpsichord. 
. . .
In a shameful reversal of Enlightenment progress, three years after Bologne’s death, Napoleon reinstated slavery, and his work was banned.
. . .
Under the Code Noir, French society can never fully accept Bologne as one of its own, 

Wikipedia:

The Code noir was a decree passed by King Louis XIV of France in 1685 defining the conditions of slavery in the French colonial empire. 


Thursday, December 29, 2022

Flower Style

Jaques Germain Soufflot (1714 1781) - Charles-André van Loo

Those are some fancy threads there, Jaques baby. I don't think I've ever seen the like, at least not being worn by men. Jaques was an architect, most famous for the Panthéon in Paris. The building is impressive, likewise is the Google Maps 3D view.

The Panthéon

P.S. Never seen the like except for Hawaiian shirts worn by tough guys.

Wednesday, October 12, 2022

Abram Gannibal

Abram Gannibal

I am really starting to enjoy Biden's war on Europe. Every day we have another outstanding example of insane stupidity. Today we have the destruction of Puskin's statue in Kiev. RT reports:
A monument in the center of Kiev to the iconic 19th-century Russian poet Alexander Pushkin was demolished on Tuesday, according to co-founder of the “Decommunization. Ukraine” project Vadim Pozdnyakov.

Alexander Puskin lived in the 19th Century. He died like 75 years before the Communist Revolution in Russia, but he was a Russian and evidently that was enough to get him canceled.

But how much of a Russian was he?

His maternal great-grandfather was Major-General Abram Petrovich Gannibal, a nobleman of Cameroonian origin who was kidnapped from his homeland and raised in the Emperor's court household as his godson. 

Cameroon? You don't mean that country  . . . wait, just where is Cameroon anyway? Next door to Nigeria:

Cameroon

You're kidding, right? Nope:

Abram Petrovich Gannibal (1696 – 1781), was a Russian military engineer, general-in-chief, and nobleman of African origin. Kidnapped and enslaved as a child by Ottomans, Gannibal was traded to Russia and presented as a gift to Peter the Great, where he was freed, adopted and raised in the Emperor's court household as his godson.

 

Tuesday, September 13, 2022

The Organ Grinder

Google translates caption as:
the barrel organ
or earlier from germany

One of a series of 23 etchings of 18th Century vendors and workers by Anne Claude de Tubières-Grimoard de Pestels de Lévis, comte de Caylus, marquis d'Esternay, baron de Bransac. Via Flares into Darkness.

I do wonder what the camera looking device on top of the box strapped to his back is. No body cams back in the 1700's that I know of.


I have to give credit to those bloggers who have figured out how to post a slide show. Might be because they are using WordPress instead of Blogger.

Wednesday, August 10, 2022

France Financed the American Revolution

Throwing Money Away

Today we have a little history lesson:

On September 3, 1783, after nearly a year of excruciating back-and-forth negotiations, all sides had finally gathered together in Paris to sign a historic peace agreement.

It was a pretty important peace deal. Because the Treaty of Paris, as it is now known, is what formally ended the American Revolution, and when Great Britain legally recognized the United States as an independent nation.

The treaty was signed in Paris because France had been a major supporter of the US war effort. And just as soon as the ink was dry, French King Louis XVI ordered his finance minister to prepare an accounting of exactly how much money France had spent on US independence.

The result was nothing short of astonishing—more than 1 billion livres.

To put that number in context, the French Treasury’s entire annual revenue only amounted to around 200 million livres.

So they had basically sunk FIVE YEARS worth of their tax revenue fighting someone else’s war.

Granted, Britain was still one of France’s main rivals. And the French did not care for British King George III.

But the American War was simply too costly, and France had already been on very shaky financial footing well before this point.

Louis XIV had nearly bankrupted the country a century before. His successor, Louis XV, had to drastically slash expenses and could barely hang on financially.

Then, in 1774, just prior to the American Revolution, Louis XVI became king at a time that France was rapidly deteriorating.

You’d think that with so much economic turmoil at home that he would have focused on his own national interests… and, in lieu of money, weapons, and ships, he would have instead sent the royal thoughts and prayers to America.

But no. Lucky for the United States, Louis XVI courageously fought the American Revolution down to the very last French taxpayer.

Only after the war did Louis finally take stock of the situation and realize the truth: America was in a much better position. Britain was bruised but still powerful. Yet his own France was nearly bankrupt and desperately in need of cash. Not exactly a win/win.

Louis XVI was King, but his powers were limited; he was beholden to the legislature, called the Estates-General, and he couldn’t simply decree new taxes without their consent.

The King did, however, control the tax collectors. And Louis made sure they had every authority to coerce, harass, and intimidate money out of French citizens.

French tax collectors had the authority to walk right into people’s homes unannounced, conduct surprise inspections to look for hidden wealth, and walk away with whatever money or property they felt would satisfy the peasant’s tax bill.

This is actually a pretty common theme throughout history: governments that are on the ropes routinely resort to plundering the savings of their citizens.

Several ancient Roman emperors, in fact, from Diocletian to Valentinian III, famously sent ruthless tax collectors to harass their citizens and steal their wealth. Several ancient Chinese dynasties did the same thing. So did the declining Ottoman Empire.

Significantly ramping up tax collection efforts is typically a hallmark of an economy and empire in decline. 

Please remember that the French Revolution started in 1789, just six years after the Treaty of Paris.

Simon goes on to talk about the Inflation Reduction Act and the effect it is likely to have on the US economy (not good). I like his conclusion:

Taxes ultimately represent the government’s ‘slice’ of an economic pie. So when a country is prosperous and an economy is strong, the government’s slice continues to grow because the overall economic pie is constantly getting bigger.

But nations in decline don’t see it this way. For them, the pie is shrinking. So they think the only way to increase their slice is to go after other people’s crumbs.

History shows this is absolutely the wrong move. Raising tax rates, inventing new taxes, and recruiting armies of tax collectors only makes the pie shrink even more.

Their efforts, instead, should be focused on making the pie bigger. But they don’t think that way.

Bear in mind this is all brought to you by the same people who are shoveling your tax dollars out the door to Ukraine $50 billion at a time. It’s very ‘Louis XVI’ of them.

All of these trends—the cannibalistic surge in tax authorities, the anti-productive regulations, the economic scarcity mentality—are all hallmarks of an empire in decline.

The situation is NOT terminal. It is NOT irreversible. But it is reason enough to have a Plan B.



Tuesday, August 2, 2022

The Fourth Turning

Thomas Paine

Navigating the Fourth Turning by Jeff Thomas

“These are the times that try men’s souls.”

So, Thomas Paine wrote in 1775 in his publication of “The American Crisis.” Not so well-remembered today are the words that followed that famous quote:

“Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph.”

At that time, Colonial America was passing through the early stages of a “Fourth Turning,” an historical time of crisis that occurs roughly every eighty years.

As a point of reference, a First Turning is a period of renewal; one in which a historical crisis has ended. The populace has risen to the occasion, thrown off tyranny and conquered social, political and economic tribulation. Having done so, they now create a renewal, based on hard work, personal responsibility and moral integrity.

A Second Turning occurs a generation later, when the rewards of a First Turning have resulted in prosperity and stability. Those new adults who have grown up during a First Turning will be well-off and will seek to pursue high-mindedness and social concerns. Along the way, they will also pursue self-indulgence. (A deterioration begins.)

In a Third Turning, again a generation later, complacency sets in. Politically, those individuals who are sociopathic (a clinical aberration, estimated at about 4% of any society at any given time) tend to rise in political spheres, replacing the older generation of responsible people. They tend to raise taxes, increase social welfare programmes and increase government spending in every way – really, any excuse to seize increased power over the populace.

Then, in a Fourth Turning, again a generation later, power having been seized, the sociopaths seek total power – the elimination of all freedoms, to be replaced by totalitarian rule.

Historically, in a Third Turning, a complacent people make it possible for sociopaths to take power. In a Fourth Turning, the sociopaths exert that power.

It matters little whether the excuses put forward by political leaders are climate control, racial equity, CBDCs, cancel culture, owning nothing, digital IDs, transhumanism, vaccine mandates or a Green New Deal, the objective is singular: total dominance of the ruling class over the subservient class. Any excuse will do, if it has totalitarian rule as its outcome.

In any Fourth Turning, those who are more thoughtful and forward-thinking will begin to make sense of the ruse, but find themselves being heavily criticized by all and sundry. The media will do all within their power to slap down those who denounce the ruling class. But more to the point, the greater proportion of the populace will remain in their slumber and resist the awakening strenuously.

It is at such a time that the few who have figured out the ruse experience their greatest challenge – whether to speak out or whether to just go along.

This group must struggle in the darkness to a great degree, as the majority of the population fight against an awakening, as it disturbs their complacency and is too horrendous to contemplate.

The latter half of a Fourth Turning becomes a chaotic and confusing period – one in which many people desperately hope to just get along, whilst those who are more visionary become increasingly aware that their freedoms are being flushed away on a wholesale basis.

And, whilst it is the smaller, more visionary group that creates the spark of change, it is, historically, a different and unlikely group that actually creates substantive change in the latter half.

The group that turns the tide is the group that I often (unflatteringly) refer to as the hoi polloi – the average guy.

At some point, the average guy, who simply wanted to be allowed to get on with his life – go to work, mow the lawn, sit on the couch with a six-pack and watch the game – has had his life so disrupted by the ruling sociopaths and their increasingly manic oppression that he accepts that he must turn off the TV and do “something.”

He is not a leader, but he is a joiner.

When, in Ottawa, Canada, a few truckers staged a small demonstration, and the average guy saw it on the news, he got in his truck and joined. He may have had no real idea of how events might develop; he simply added what weight he had to the effort.

But the very fact that he is the average guy – that the bulk of the population is made up of average guys, makes their collective weight greater than those who may have been more inspired thinkers, and – more importantly – greater than the weight of the oppressors.

As simplistic as a convoy of Canadian truckers may be, their numbers become their strength.

More to the point, they carry with them the sympathies of other average people, who come out to cheer them on, bring them food and donate money.

Not surprisingly, their achievement is brief, as it’s so simplistic, but they do succeed in bringing about temporary change, setting Government back on its heels.

Then, a few farmers in the Netherlands hear about the Canadians and decside to drive their tractors into the city, and it happens again.

And it keeps happening.

Throughout history, it’s been the same. In 1775, when Paul Revere rode into Lexington and Concord, it’s quite unlikely that he shouted courageously, “To arms! To arms!” That would have been treason and treason was one of only three capital offenses at that time.

More likely, he went to a few back doors and spread the word quietly. After all, the people of America were at that time British. The hoi polloi of the day – especially those of middle age or older – were relatively successful and had a lot to lose. They did not approve of revolt and were willing to pay the small stamp tax that had triggered it. They argued vociferously in the House of Burgesses to “just get along.” But a few firebrands kept up their challenge and, eventually, they were joined by farmers and shopkeepers who, like the truckers, had had enough and decided to do “something.”

For those of us who saw the warning signs early – decades ago – the first half of the Fourth Turning has been extraordinarily distressing. The Globalists have been thorough in their planning and have successfully executed the removal of freedoms with great stealth that we assumed any “thinking” person should have seen coming.

But most people are not thinkers. Most people “go along.” They continue to go along, right until the moment that…. they don’t.

Thomas Paine was correct. “These are the times that try men’s souls.” Paine was a visionary who, through his writing, attempted to bring about an awakening.

An awakening happens only gradually, but the point arrives when the common man has had about enough. He may not be intellectually inspired, but his collective weight is, and throughout history, has been the turning point.

We are now on that cusp.

If we look at the end of WW2 as the start of the 'first turning', then 20 years later would put the second turning at 1965, the third turning at 1985, and the start of the fourth turning at 2005, which means this thing is going to collapse in a couple of years. Whole lot of if's there, but it kind of goes along with what we think of our history over the last 70-odd years, or at least how I think of it.

Saturday, August 7, 2021

The Cook of Castamar


The Cook of Castamar - Trailer (Official) | Season 1 | Netflix
MVSRS

It's like a Spanish version of Downton Abbey, but 200 years earlier. We've got lords and ladies, an army of servants and all kinds of intrigue. Right off the bat we know who the good guys are, but it takes the entire season to reveal just how rotten the scoundrels are. It's fine, light entertainment and the production values (i.e. realism) are pretty darn good. There are a couple of people saying things which would realistically have them whipped, but we'll excuse that. Good help is hard to find, you know.

King Felipe V of Spain (1683-1746), by Louis-Michel van Loo, c.1739.

This story takes place during the reign of Philip of Anjou, or more specifically Philip V of Spain (1683 - 1746). 

A breech loading miquelet musket with a reusable cartridge, used by Philip V, made by A. Tienza, Madrid, circa 1715

There is a scene where the lords and ladies go out shooting. Did not see the King's breech loading rifle, but he wasn't there. Hard to believe the ladies would be out shooting, but there is really no explaining why the rich do what they do. 

12 Episodes, 50 minutes each, Netflix